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	<title>Comments on: Real Ethical Relativity</title>
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		<title>By: Hundie Jo [dot] Com &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1262</link>
		<dc:creator>Hundie Jo [dot] Com &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2008 02:33:32 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>[...] Norman L. Geisler, president of Southern Evangelical Seminary, presents a Christian view of how to deal with consequences in conjunction with divine command theory in his article entitled Absolutes? Absolutely!. I thought it was an interesting read in light of my earlier post on Ethical Relativity. [...]&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1262','Hundie Jo &#38;#91;dot&#38;#93; Com &#38;raquo; Blog Archive &#38;raquo; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1262','Hundie Jo &#38;#91;dot&#38;#93; Com &#38;raquo; Blog Archive &#38;raquo; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.','&#38;#91;...&#38;#93; Norman L. Geisler, president of Southern Evangelical Seminary, presents a Christian view of how to deal with consequences in conjunction with divine command theory in his article entitled Absolutes? Absolutely!. I thought it was an interesting read in light of my earlier post on Ethical Relativity. &#38;#91;...&#38;#93;'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Norman L. Geisler, president of Southern Evangelical Seminary, presents a Christian view of how to deal with consequences in conjunction with divine command theory in his article entitled Absolutes? Absolutely!. I thought it was an interesting read in light of my earlier post on Ethical Relativity. [...]
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1262','Hundie Jo &amp;#91;dot&amp;#93; Com &amp;raquo; Blog Archive &amp;raquo; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1262','Hundie Jo &amp;#91;dot&amp;#93; Com &amp;raquo; Blog Archive &amp;raquo; Graded Absolutism - Christian Conflict Theory.','&amp;#91;...&amp;#93; Norman L. Geisler, president of Southern Evangelical Seminary, presents a Christian view of how to deal with consequences in conjunction with divine command theory in his article entitled Absolutes? Absolutely!. I thought it was an interesting read in light of my earlier post on Ethical Relativity. &amp;#91;...&amp;#93;'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: The Unsound Argument &#187; On Moral Worth</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1206</link>
		<dc:creator>The Unsound Argument &#187; On Moral Worth</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Aug 2007 20:57:52 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>[...] Real Ethical Relativity by admin [...]&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1206','The Unsound Argument &#38;raquo; On Moral Worth'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1206','The Unsound Argument &#38;raquo; On Moral Worth','&#38;#91;...&#38;#93; Real Ethical Relativity by admin &#38;#91;...&#38;#93;'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Real Ethical Relativity by admin [...]
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1206','The Unsound Argument &amp;raquo; On Moral Worth'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1206','The Unsound Argument &amp;raquo; On Moral Worth','&amp;#91;...&amp;#93; Real Ethical Relativity by admin &amp;#91;...&amp;#93;'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: Charles Churchill</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1203</link>
		<dc:creator>Charles Churchill</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Feb 2007 16:06:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1203</guid>
		<description>Henry,
I understand what you are saying regarding the woman having limited power in this situation, which is why I said that she should argue with him regarding the value of life. My issue is with the scenario. If the woman was at a railroad switch and a train was hurtling toward either car A with five people in it, or car B with one person in it, then there might be a valid reason to throw the switch toward car B (but even there, it's tricky) But a guy with a gun? Imagine that Jesus was the woman, would he say kill the one child? I imagine he would answer along the lines of what he said to Satan when he took him up on top of the temple, or when he showed him the kingdoms of the world. It's a Christian principle that if you don't accept the presuppositions, you don't accept the question, and I think that applies here.

&lt;i&gt;That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide&lt;/i&gt;

The argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is that the law says not to kill. Regarding the duty to preserve life, that's not what the law says. We assume that what the law values is life. What the law values is holiness (which is achieved by conformance to the law). And the law says, the only way that you are holy is by keeping the law. Period. End of story. Break one and you've broken them all. Break one, and you've got to ask yourself, why am I so fired up about keeping the others?

The question of a scenario where one must break one or another law is tricky. It really comes down to the sovereignty of God. I've certainly never encountered such a situation. I can't even say that I've heard a hypothetical situation that qualifies. I think it's fair to say that Christ never encountered such a situation (and if God's not sovereign, what a toss of the dice that was - please don't suggest to me, that Jesus Christ broke a single facet of the law)

In this other &lt;a href="http://unsoundargument.com/the-ethics-of-god/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory" rel="nofollow"&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; you make the statement: &lt;i&gt;You have a duty to reveal the information and a duty not to lie, therefore you must remain silent. While this does rid oneself of the problem in some situations, there is always the issue when the storm troopers search your house if you remain silent. In those cases, the same difficulty arises. Sometimes there is no third choice.&lt;/i&gt; This is the difficulty with hypothetical situations. If God is truly sovereign, then the universe is a sequence of ordered events. In other words, read the following passage and then consider this. In what follows, the law did not necessarily preserve life, but it does tell us who, among the living and the dead, love God.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Hebrews 11:32-40  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:  (33)  Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,  (34)  Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.  (35)  Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection:  (36)  And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:  (37)  They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented;  (38)  (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.  (39)  And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise:  (40)  God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

I think that's all I've got again. I appreciate you discussing this with me on my level. You could have easily have taken the discussion into a realm of terminology where my barrier to entry would be quite high.&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1203','Charles Churchill'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1203','Charles Churchill','Henry,\nI understand what you are saying regarding the woman having limited power in this situation, which is why I said that she should argue with him regarding the value of life. My issue is with the scenario. If the woman was at a railroad switch and a train was hurtling toward either car A with five people in it, or car B with one person in it, then there might be a valid reason to throw the switch toward car B (but even there, it\'s tricky) But a guy with a gun? Imagine that Jesus was the woman, would he say kill the one child? I imagine he would answer along the lines of what he said to Satan when he took him up on top of the temple, or when he showed him the kingdoms of the world. It\'s a Christian principle that if you don\'t accept the presuppositions, you don\'t accept the question, and I think that applies here.\n\n&#60;i&#62;That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide&#60;\/i&#62;\n\nThe argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is that the law says not to kill. Regarding the duty to preserve life, that\'s not what the law says. We assume that what the law values is life. What the law values is holiness (which is achieved by conformance to the law). And the law says, the only way that you are holy is by keeping the law. Period. End of story. Break one and you\'ve broken them all. Break one, and you\'ve got to ask yourself, why am I so fired up about keeping the others?\n\nThe question of a scenario where one must break one or another law is tricky. It really comes down to the sovereignty of God. I\'ve certainly never encountered such a situation. I can\'t even say that I\'ve heard a hypothetical situation that qualifies. I think it\'s fair to say that Christ never encountered such a situation (and if God\'s not sovereign, what a toss of the dice that was - please don\'t suggest to me, that Jesus Christ broke a single facet of the law)\n\nIn this other &#60;a href=\&#34;http:\/\/unsoundargument.com\/the-ethics-of-god\/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory\&#34; rel=\&#34;nofollow\&#34;&#62;post&#60;\/a&#62; you make the statement: &#60;i&#62;You have a duty to reveal the information and a duty not to lie, therefore you must remain silent. While this does rid oneself of the problem in some situations, there is always the issue when the storm troopers search your house if you remain silent. In those cases, the same difficulty arises. Sometimes there is no third choice.&#60;\/i&#62; This is the difficulty with hypothetical situations. If God is truly sovereign, then the universe is a sequence of ordered events. In other words, read the following passage and then consider this. In what follows, the law did not necessarily preserve life, but it does tell us who, among the living and the dead, love God.\n\n&#60;blockquote&#62;Hebrews 11:32-40  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:  (33)  Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,  (34)  Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.  (35)  Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection:  (36)  And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:  (37)  They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented;  (38)  (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.  (39)  And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise:  (40)  God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.\n&#60;\/blockquote&#62;\n\nI think that\'s all I\'ve got again. I appreciate you discussing this with me on my level. You could have easily have taken the discussion into a realm of terminology where my barrier to entry would be quite high.'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Henry,<br />
I understand what you are saying regarding the woman having limited power in this situation, which is why I said that she should argue with him regarding the value of life. My issue is with the scenario. If the woman was at a railroad switch and a train was hurtling toward either car A with five people in it, or car B with one person in it, then there might be a valid reason to throw the switch toward car B (but even there, it&#8217;s tricky) But a guy with a gun? Imagine that Jesus was the woman, would he say kill the one child? I imagine he would answer along the lines of what he said to Satan when he took him up on top of the temple, or when he showed him the kingdoms of the world. It&#8217;s a Christian principle that if you don&#8217;t accept the presuppositions, you don&#8217;t accept the question, and I think that applies here.</p>
<p><i>That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide</i></p>
<p>The argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is that the law says not to kill. Regarding the duty to preserve life, that&#8217;s not what the law says. We assume that what the law values is life. What the law values is holiness (which is achieved by conformance to the law). And the law says, the only way that you are holy is by keeping the law. Period. End of story. Break one and you&#8217;ve broken them all. Break one, and you&#8217;ve got to ask yourself, why am I so fired up about keeping the others?</p>
<p>The question of a scenario where one must break one or another law is tricky. It really comes down to the sovereignty of God. I&#8217;ve certainly never encountered such a situation. I can&#8217;t even say that I&#8217;ve heard a hypothetical situation that qualifies. I think it&#8217;s fair to say that Christ never encountered such a situation (and if God&#8217;s not sovereign, what a toss of the dice that was - please don&#8217;t suggest to me, that Jesus Christ broke a single facet of the law)</p>
<p>In this other <a href="http://unsoundargument.com/the-ethics-of-god/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory" rel="nofollow">post</a> you make the statement: <i>You have a duty to reveal the information and a duty not to lie, therefore you must remain silent. While this does rid oneself of the problem in some situations, there is always the issue when the storm troopers search your house if you remain silent. In those cases, the same difficulty arises. Sometimes there is no third choice.</i> This is the difficulty with hypothetical situations. If God is truly sovereign, then the universe is a sequence of ordered events. In other words, read the following passage and then consider this. In what follows, the law did not necessarily preserve life, but it does tell us who, among the living and the dead, love God.</p>
<blockquote><p>Hebrews 11:32-40  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:  (33)  Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,  (34)  Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.  (35)  Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection:  (36)  And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:  (37)  They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented;  (38)  (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.  (39)  And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise:  (40)  God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.
</p></blockquote>
<p>I think that&#8217;s all I&#8217;ve got again. I appreciate you discussing this with me on my level. You could have easily have taken the discussion into a realm of terminology where my barrier to entry would be quite high.
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1203','Charles Churchill'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1203','Charles Churchill','Henry,\nI understand what you are saying regarding the woman having limited power in this situation, which is why I said that she should argue with him regarding the value of life. My issue is with the scenario. If the woman was at a railroad switch and a train was hurtling toward either car A with five people in it, or car B with one person in it, then there might be a valid reason to throw the switch toward car B (but even there, it\'s tricky) But a guy with a gun? Imagine that Jesus was the woman, would he say kill the one child? I imagine he would answer along the lines of what he said to Satan when he took him up on top of the temple, or when he showed him the kingdoms of the world. It\'s a Christian principle that if you don\'t accept the presuppositions, you don\'t accept the question, and I think that applies here.\n\n&lt;i&gt;That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide&lt;\/i&gt;\n\nThe argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is that the law says not to kill. Regarding the duty to preserve life, that\'s not what the law says. We assume that what the law values is life. What the law values is holiness (which is achieved by conformance to the law). And the law says, the only way that you are holy is by keeping the law. Period. End of story. Break one and you\'ve broken them all. Break one, and you\'ve got to ask yourself, why am I so fired up about keeping the others?\n\nThe question of a scenario where one must break one or another law is tricky. It really comes down to the sovereignty of God. I\'ve certainly never encountered such a situation. I can\'t even say that I\'ve heard a hypothetical situation that qualifies. I think it\'s fair to say that Christ never encountered such a situation (and if God\'s not sovereign, what a toss of the dice that was - please don\'t suggest to me, that Jesus Christ broke a single facet of the law)\n\nIn this other &lt;a href=\&quot;http:\/\/unsoundargument.com\/the-ethics-of-god\/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory\&quot; rel=\&quot;nofollow\&quot;&gt;post&lt;\/a&gt; you make the statement: &lt;i&gt;You have a duty to reveal the information and a duty not to lie, therefore you must remain silent. While this does rid oneself of the problem in some situations, there is always the issue when the storm troopers search your house if you remain silent. In those cases, the same difficulty arises. Sometimes there is no third choice.&lt;\/i&gt; This is the difficulty with hypothetical situations. If God is truly sovereign, then the universe is a sequence of ordered events. In other words, read the following passage and then consider this. In what follows, the law did not necessarily preserve life, but it does tell us who, among the living and the dead, love God.\n\n&lt;blockquote&gt;Hebrews 11:32-40  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:  (33)  Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,  (34)  Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.  (35)  Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection:  (36)  And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:  (37)  They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented;  (38)  (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.  (39)  And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise:  (40)  God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.\n&lt;\/blockquote&gt;\n\nI think that\'s all I\'ve got again. I appreciate you discussing this with me on my level. You could have easily have taken the discussion into a realm of terminology where my barrier to entry would be quite high.'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: Henry Imler</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1202</link>
		<dc:creator>Henry Imler</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Feb 2007 03:38:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1202</guid>
		<description>First things first, you are welcome to argue this or anything else here until you are blue in the face.   I enjoy considering other points of view on what I put forth.

The woman in the above case &lt;b&gt;does&lt;/b&gt; have &lt;strong&gt;partial&lt;/strong&gt; power to affect change in that situation.  She does not have full power over the situation, but she does have some.  I would say that just like

I get the sense that you think that there is &lt;b&gt;never&lt;/b&gt; a time when one only has a choice between two evils, even in non-action.  It is my contention that if the woman is able to preserve life, she has a duty to do so.

I think that most Christians would maintain that there is a duty to preserve life.  That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide.  The duty to preserve life overcomes the right to decide actions for one's self.

Now, when the duty to preserve life comes into conflict with another, what is someone to do?  Do you deny that there is the duty on the mother to preserve life?  I liken it to the case of Christ and David when it comes to the laws on the Sabbath.

I don't deny that the law that is written upon our hearts demands that we &lt;b&gt;don't&lt;/b&gt; lie and demands that we &lt;b&gt;do &lt;/b&gt; preserve life.  I don't deny that.  However, I am asking what happens when those duty's conflict?  &lt;a href="http://unsoundargument.com/the-ethics-of-god/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory" rel="nofollow"&gt;Geisler argues for a graded absolutism&lt;/a&gt;.  I was taking a natural philosophy approach to arguing this issue, not arguing from Scripture.  I think that you can really make a successful argument on both grounds.&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1202','Henry Imler'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1202','Henry Imler','First things first, you are welcome to argue this or anything else here until you are blue in the face.   I enjoy considering other points of view on what I put forth.\n\nThe woman in the above case &#60;b&#62;does&#60;\/b&#62; have &#60;strong&#62;partial&#60;\/strong&#62; power to affect change in that situation.  She does not have full power over the situation, but she does have some.  I would say that just like\n\nI get the sense that you think that there is &#60;b&#62;never&#60;\/b&#62; a time when one only has a choice between two evils, even in non-action.  It is my contention that if the woman is able to preserve life, she has a duty to do so.\n\nI think that most Christians would maintain that there is a duty to preserve life.  That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide.  The duty to preserve life overcomes the right to decide actions for one\'s self.\n\nNow, when the duty to preserve life comes into conflict with another, what is someone to do?  Do you deny that there is the duty on the mother to preserve life?  I liken it to the case of Christ and David when it comes to the laws on the Sabbath.\n\nI don\'t deny that the law that is written upon our hearts demands that we &#60;b&#62;don\'t&#60;\/b&#62; lie and demands that we &#60;b&#62;do &#60;\/b&#62; preserve life.  I don\'t deny that.  However, I am asking what happens when those duty\'s conflict?  &#60;a href=\&#34;http:\/\/unsoundargument.com\/the-ethics-of-god\/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory\&#34; rel=\&#34;nofollow\&#34;&#62;Geisler argues for a graded absolutism&#60;\/a&#62;.  I was taking a natural philosophy approach to arguing this issue, not arguing from Scripture.  I think that you can really make a successful argument on both grounds.'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>First things first, you are welcome to argue this or anything else here until you are blue in the face.   I enjoy considering other points of view on what I put forth.</p>
<p>The woman in the above case <b>does</b> have <strong>partial</strong> power to affect change in that situation.  She does not have full power over the situation, but she does have some.  I would say that just like</p>
<p>I get the sense that you think that there is <b>never</b> a time when one only has a choice between two evils, even in non-action.  It is my contention that if the woman is able to preserve life, she has a duty to do so.</p>
<p>I think that most Christians would maintain that there is a duty to preserve life.  That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide.  The duty to preserve life overcomes the right to decide actions for one&#8217;s self.</p>
<p>Now, when the duty to preserve life comes into conflict with another, what is someone to do?  Do you deny that there is the duty on the mother to preserve life?  I liken it to the case of Christ and David when it comes to the laws on the Sabbath.</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t deny that the law that is written upon our hearts demands that we <b>don&#8217;t</b> lie and demands that we <b>do </b> preserve life.  I don&#8217;t deny that.  However, I am asking what happens when those duty&#8217;s conflict?  <a href="http://unsoundargument.com/the-ethics-of-god/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory" rel="nofollow">Geisler argues for a graded absolutism</a>.  I was taking a natural philosophy approach to arguing this issue, not arguing from Scripture.  I think that you can really make a successful argument on both grounds.
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1202','Henry Imler'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1202','Henry Imler','First things first, you are welcome to argue this or anything else here until you are blue in the face.   I enjoy considering other points of view on what I put forth.\n\nThe woman in the above case &lt;b&gt;does&lt;\/b&gt; have &lt;strong&gt;partial&lt;\/strong&gt; power to affect change in that situation.  She does not have full power over the situation, but she does have some.  I would say that just like\n\nI get the sense that you think that there is &lt;b&gt;never&lt;\/b&gt; a time when one only has a choice between two evils, even in non-action.  It is my contention that if the woman is able to preserve life, she has a duty to do so.\n\nI think that most Christians would maintain that there is a duty to preserve life.  That is the argument against euthanasia and physician assisted suicide.  The duty to preserve life overcomes the right to decide actions for one\'s self.\n\nNow, when the duty to preserve life comes into conflict with another, what is someone to do?  Do you deny that there is the duty on the mother to preserve life?  I liken it to the case of Christ and David when it comes to the laws on the Sabbath.\n\nI don\'t deny that the law that is written upon our hearts demands that we &lt;b&gt;don\'t&lt;\/b&gt; lie and demands that we &lt;b&gt;do &lt;\/b&gt; preserve life.  I don\'t deny that.  However, I am asking what happens when those duty\'s conflict?  &lt;a href=\&quot;http:\/\/unsoundargument.com\/the-ethics-of-god\/graded-absolutism-christian-conflict-theory\&quot; rel=\&quot;nofollow\&quot;&gt;Geisler argues for a graded absolutism&lt;\/a&gt;.  I was taking a natural philosophy approach to arguing this issue, not arguing from Scripture.  I think that you can really make a successful argument on both grounds.'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: Charles Churchill</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1204</link>
		<dc:creator>Charles Churchill</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Feb 2007 16:03:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1204</guid>
		<description>I would think the mother should answer just the same  as in the previous example (she could also plead with the gunman to value life and to do no evil), as she should recognize that the man asking the question has not given her an option that satisfies the law. So she chooses the third option, which is not to answer him. She does no evil, and the man with the gun must then choose what he will do with the law. He is pretending that his choice now belongs to her (but he is not truly giving her power over him, or she could say, put down your gun, and let's all go out to dinner instead) (This is all not to say that there are not situations where the law assigns one individual full or partial responsibility for another individual's actions - but in this example, I do not believe this is so)

The world is full of such false dichotomies. The American Presidential elections is one such example. We are never obligated to cast our vote for one of the two candidates. We are never obligated to choose between what may well be two evils. If both men fail the minimum standards of the law (whatever law that may be) for office, we can vote for neither.

I guess in the end, I would return to this: the only reason we think we should preserve life is because the law that we hold to be true has told us that preserving life is good. If the same law tells us we must not lie, then we are bound to keep both points of the law or to discard it and say it is not a law at all. If we say that the law places a higher emphasis on life than lying, we must prove this and not just assert it (Take Jesus and the Pharisees when he healed the man on the Sabbath. Which of you if your ox fell in a ditch on the Sabbath would not get him out. Christ clearly attests that honoring the Sabbath is a weighted sort of thing.)

I think that's all I've got. Again, I'm sorry for the ramble and I hope I'm not annoying you with my comments.

Charles Churchill&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1204','Charles Churchill'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1204','Charles Churchill','I would think the mother should answer just the same  as in the previous example (she could also plead with the gunman to value life and to do no evil), as she should recognize that the man asking the question has not given her an option that satisfies the law. So she chooses the third option, which is not to answer him. She does no evil, and the man with the gun must then choose what he will do with the law. He is pretending that his choice now belongs to her (but he is not truly giving her power over him, or she could say, put down your gun, and let\'s all go out to dinner instead) (This is all not to say that there are not situations where the law assigns one individual full or partial responsibility for another individual\'s actions - but in this example, I do not believe this is so)\n\nThe world is full of such false dichotomies. The American Presidential elections is one such example. We are never obligated to cast our vote for one of the two candidates. We are never obligated to choose between what may well be two evils. If both men fail the minimum standards of the law (whatever law that may be) for office, we can vote for neither.\n\nI guess in the end, I would return to this: the only reason we think we should preserve life is because the law that we hold to be true has told us that preserving life is good. If the same law tells us we must not lie, then we are bound to keep both points of the law or to discard it and say it is not a law at all. If we say that the law places a higher emphasis on life than lying, we must prove this and not just assert it (Take Jesus and the Pharisees when he healed the man on the Sabbath. Which of you if your ox fell in a ditch on the Sabbath would not get him out. Christ clearly attests that honoring the Sabbath is a weighted sort of thing.)\n\nI think that\'s all I\'ve got. Again, I\'m sorry for the ramble and I hope I\'m not annoying you with my comments.\n\nCharles Churchill'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would think the mother should answer just the same  as in the previous example (she could also plead with the gunman to value life and to do no evil), as she should recognize that the man asking the question has not given her an option that satisfies the law. So she chooses the third option, which is not to answer him. She does no evil, and the man with the gun must then choose what he will do with the law. He is pretending that his choice now belongs to her (but he is not truly giving her power over him, or she could say, put down your gun, and let&#8217;s all go out to dinner instead) (This is all not to say that there are not situations where the law assigns one individual full or partial responsibility for another individual&#8217;s actions - but in this example, I do not believe this is so)</p>
<p>The world is full of such false dichotomies. The American Presidential elections is one such example. We are never obligated to cast our vote for one of the two candidates. We are never obligated to choose between what may well be two evils. If both men fail the minimum standards of the law (whatever law that may be) for office, we can vote for neither.</p>
<p>I guess in the end, I would return to this: the only reason we think we should preserve life is because the law that we hold to be true has told us that preserving life is good. If the same law tells us we must not lie, then we are bound to keep both points of the law or to discard it and say it is not a law at all. If we say that the law places a higher emphasis on life than lying, we must prove this and not just assert it (Take Jesus and the Pharisees when he healed the man on the Sabbath. Which of you if your ox fell in a ditch on the Sabbath would not get him out. Christ clearly attests that honoring the Sabbath is a weighted sort of thing.)</p>
<p>I think that&#8217;s all I&#8217;ve got. Again, I&#8217;m sorry for the ramble and I hope I&#8217;m not annoying you with my comments.</p>
<p>Charles Churchill
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1204','Charles Churchill'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1204','Charles Churchill','I would think the mother should answer just the same  as in the previous example (she could also plead with the gunman to value life and to do no evil), as she should recognize that the man asking the question has not given her an option that satisfies the law. So she chooses the third option, which is not to answer him. She does no evil, and the man with the gun must then choose what he will do with the law. He is pretending that his choice now belongs to her (but he is not truly giving her power over him, or she could say, put down your gun, and let\'s all go out to dinner instead) (This is all not to say that there are not situations where the law assigns one individual full or partial responsibility for another individual\'s actions - but in this example, I do not believe this is so)\n\nThe world is full of such false dichotomies. The American Presidential elections is one such example. We are never obligated to cast our vote for one of the two candidates. We are never obligated to choose between what may well be two evils. If both men fail the minimum standards of the law (whatever law that may be) for office, we can vote for neither.\n\nI guess in the end, I would return to this: the only reason we think we should preserve life is because the law that we hold to be true has told us that preserving life is good. If the same law tells us we must not lie, then we are bound to keep both points of the law or to discard it and say it is not a law at all. If we say that the law places a higher emphasis on life than lying, we must prove this and not just assert it (Take Jesus and the Pharisees when he healed the man on the Sabbath. Which of you if your ox fell in a ditch on the Sabbath would not get him out. Christ clearly attests that honoring the Sabbath is a weighted sort of thing.)\n\nI think that\'s all I\'ve got. Again, I\'m sorry for the ramble and I hope I\'m not annoying you with my comments.\n\nCharles Churchill'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: Henry Imler</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1205</link>
		<dc:creator>Henry Imler</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Feb 2007 01:03:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1205</guid>
		<description>You make wonderful sense, Charles, and bring up very good points.

While I admire the moral stance of the mother in the example, but that is a 1:1 ratio.  I would say that any of her possible actions will have equally bad outcomes.  A better example of my argument, since it is somewhat based in consequences, is if a gunman asked a mother to choose between killing one child or four other children.  If she answers nothing, all five children would perish.  what is she to do then?

One of the major factors here is whether we have a duty to preserve life.  If we do, we at once have a duty not to lie and to preserve life in my example of the Plates.

I admire the stance that the law protects one from the bad outcomes of their choices.  Even granting that, which I would contest, it still does not account for situations where no matter what one does, a duty is being violated.&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1205','Henry Imler'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1205','Henry Imler','You make wonderful sense, Charles, and bring up very good points.\n\nWhile I admire the moral stance of the mother in the example, but that is a 1:1 ratio.  I would say that any of her possible actions will have equally bad outcomes.  A better example of my argument, since it is somewhat based in consequences, is if a gunman asked a mother to choose between killing one child or four other children.  If she answers nothing, all five children would perish.  what is she to do then?\n\nOne of the major factors here is whether we have a duty to preserve life.  If we do, we at once have a duty not to lie and to preserve life in my example of the Plates.\n\nI admire the stance that the law protects one from the bad outcomes of their choices.  Even granting that, which I would contest, it still does not account for situations where no matter what one does, a duty is being violated.'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You make wonderful sense, Charles, and bring up very good points.</p>
<p>While I admire the moral stance of the mother in the example, but that is a 1:1 ratio.  I would say that any of her possible actions will have equally bad outcomes.  A better example of my argument, since it is somewhat based in consequences, is if a gunman asked a mother to choose between killing one child or four other children.  If she answers nothing, all five children would perish.  what is she to do then?</p>
<p>One of the major factors here is whether we have a duty to preserve life.  If we do, we at once have a duty not to lie and to preserve life in my example of the Plates.</p>
<p>I admire the stance that the law protects one from the bad outcomes of their choices.  Even granting that, which I would contest, it still does not account for situations where no matter what one does, a duty is being violated.
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1205','Henry Imler'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1205','Henry Imler','You make wonderful sense, Charles, and bring up very good points.\n\nWhile I admire the moral stance of the mother in the example, but that is a 1:1 ratio.  I would say that any of her possible actions will have equally bad outcomes.  A better example of my argument, since it is somewhat based in consequences, is if a gunman asked a mother to choose between killing one child or four other children.  If she answers nothing, all five children would perish.  what is she to do then?\n\nOne of the major factors here is whether we have a duty to preserve life.  If we do, we at once have a duty not to lie and to preserve life in my example of the Plates.\n\nI admire the stance that the law protects one from the bad outcomes of their choices.  Even granting that, which I would contest, it still does not account for situations where no matter what one does, a duty is being violated.'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: Charles Churchill</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1201</link>
		<dc:creator>Charles Churchill</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Jan 2007 21:40:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1201</guid>
		<description>Henry,
Your thought process above is intriguing, but it seems flawed to me. Your argument ignores the idea that the moral laws that deontology demands we obey serve as a sort of compensation for the the limitations of our perceptions. In other words, the reason that we must not lie to "save a life" is that we have no way of perceiving the evil caused by our lie.  The law which says, do not lie, exists precisely because without it, we would have no idea of how to do good or how to perceive evil. When we say, &lt;i&gt;I will break the law to prevent someone else from breaking it&lt;/i&gt;, you have argued that the law is worthless (or in effect that it was already broken).

Take the example of the gunman who says to a mother, choose which child I should kill and I will let the other live. I say, that she must answer, &lt;i&gt;I will not be part of your evil. You and I will both stand before God and answer for what we have done.&lt;/i&gt;

One last thing: the person who chooses to break the law to prevent a greater evil, presumes upon the future. While it would be surprising if a gunman were to rush in and shoot the murderer before he could kill either of the woman's children, it cannot be denied that the future has yet to be accounted for. Again, I would say that the law compensates for our limited perception.

Anyway, I hope this made sense,
Take care,
Charles Churchill&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1201','Charles Churchill'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1201','Charles Churchill','Henry,\nYour thought process above is intriguing, but it seems flawed to me. Your argument ignores the idea that the moral laws that deontology demands we obey serve as a sort of compensation for the the limitations of our perceptions. In other words, the reason that we must not lie to \&#34;save a life\&#34; is that we have no way of perceiving the evil caused by our lie.  The law which says, do not lie, exists precisely because without it, we would have no idea of how to do good or how to perceive evil. When we say, &#60;i&#62;I will break the law to prevent someone else from breaking it&#60;\/i&#62;, you have argued that the law is worthless (or in effect that it was already broken).\n\nTake the example of the gunman who says to a mother, choose which child I should kill and I will let the other live. I say, that she must answer, &#60;i&#62;I will not be part of your evil. You and I will both stand before God and answer for what we have done.&#60;\/i&#62;\n\nOne last thing: the person who chooses to break the law to prevent a greater evil, presumes upon the future. While it would be surprising if a gunman were to rush in and shoot the murderer before he could kill either of the woman\'s children, it cannot be denied that the future has yet to be accounted for. Again, I would say that the law compensates for our limited perception.\n\nAnyway, I hope this made sense,\nTake care,\nCharles Churchill'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Henry,<br />
Your thought process above is intriguing, but it seems flawed to me. Your argument ignores the idea that the moral laws that deontology demands we obey serve as a sort of compensation for the the limitations of our perceptions. In other words, the reason that we must not lie to &#8220;save a life&#8221; is that we have no way of perceiving the evil caused by our lie.  The law which says, do not lie, exists precisely because without it, we would have no idea of how to do good or how to perceive evil. When we say, <i>I will break the law to prevent someone else from breaking it</i>, you have argued that the law is worthless (or in effect that it was already broken).</p>
<p>Take the example of the gunman who says to a mother, choose which child I should kill and I will let the other live. I say, that she must answer, <i>I will not be part of your evil. You and I will both stand before God and answer for what we have done.</i></p>
<p>One last thing: the person who chooses to break the law to prevent a greater evil, presumes upon the future. While it would be surprising if a gunman were to rush in and shoot the murderer before he could kill either of the woman&#8217;s children, it cannot be denied that the future has yet to be accounted for. Again, I would say that the law compensates for our limited perception.</p>
<p>Anyway, I hope this made sense,<br />
Take care,<br />
Charles Churchill
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1201','Charles Churchill'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1201','Charles Churchill','Henry,\nYour thought process above is intriguing, but it seems flawed to me. Your argument ignores the idea that the moral laws that deontology demands we obey serve as a sort of compensation for the the limitations of our perceptions. In other words, the reason that we must not lie to \&quot;save a life\&quot; is that we have no way of perceiving the evil caused by our lie.  The law which says, do not lie, exists precisely because without it, we would have no idea of how to do good or how to perceive evil. When we say, &lt;i&gt;I will break the law to prevent someone else from breaking it&lt;\/i&gt;, you have argued that the law is worthless (or in effect that it was already broken).\n\nTake the example of the gunman who says to a mother, choose which child I should kill and I will let the other live. I say, that she must answer, &lt;i&gt;I will not be part of your evil. You and I will both stand before God and answer for what we have done.&lt;\/i&gt;\n\nOne last thing: the person who chooses to break the law to prevent a greater evil, presumes upon the future. While it would be surprising if a gunman were to rush in and shoot the murderer before he could kill either of the woman\'s children, it cannot be denied that the future has yet to be accounted for. Again, I would say that the law compensates for our limited perception.\n\nAnyway, I hope this made sense,\nTake care,\nCharles Churchill'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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		<title>By: The Unsound Argument / On Moral Worth</title>
		<link>http://www.hundiejo.com/real-ethical-relativity#comment-1200</link>
		<dc:creator>The Unsound Argument / On Moral Worth</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 27 May 2006 20:30:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://unsoundargument.com/blog/?p=47#comment-1200</guid>
		<description>[...] I want to build a personhood and ethical theory that uses the above principles, allows for the moral worth of the past-persons and person-like beings. The ethical side of the theory would use my formulation of ethical relativity, which is nothing like ethical relativism, but instead uses consequentialism to resolve conflicts within a deontological framework. [...]&lt;div class="comment-remix-meta"&gt;&lt;a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1200','The Unsound Argument \/ On Moral Worth'); return false;"&gt;Reply&lt;/a&gt;  - &lt;a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1200','The Unsound Argument \/ On Moral Worth','&#38;#91;...&#38;#93; I want to build a personhood and ethical theory that uses the above principles, allows for the moral worth of the past-persons and person-like beings. The ethical side of the theory would use my formulation of ethical relativity, which is nothing like ethical relativism, but instead uses consequentialism to resolve conflicts within a deontological framework. &#38;#91;...&#38;#93;'); return false;"&gt;Quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] I want to build a personhood and ethical theory that uses the above principles, allows for the moral worth of the past-persons and person-like beings. The ethical side of the theory would use my formulation of ethical relativity, which is nothing like ethical relativism, but instead uses consequentialism to resolve conflicts within a deontological framework. [...]
<div class="comment-remix-meta"><a href="#" class="replyto" onclick="replyto('1200','The Unsound Argument \/ On Moral Worth'); return false;">Reply</a>  - <a href="#" class="quote" onclick="quote('1200','The Unsound Argument \/ On Moral Worth','&amp;#91;...&amp;#93; I want to build a personhood and ethical theory that uses the above principles, allows for the moral worth of the past-persons and person-like beings. The ethical side of the theory would use my formulation of ethical relativity, which is nothing like ethical relativism, but instead uses consequentialism to resolve conflicts within a deontological framework. &amp;#91;...&amp;#93;'); return false;">Quote</a></div>
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